Door-check.



WIW. HAWKINS.

DOOR CHECK.A

APPucmon mgu A". 1o, rsu.

` P atented Oct. 22, 191.8;

m: wams nrw-J emma: m o www u N n c WILLIAM W. HAWKINS, OF BROOKLYN,

NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO EDWARI) W. MOCARTY, OF NEW YORK, N` Y.

DOOR-CHECK.

Application led April 10, 1917.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM W. HAW- KiNs, a citizen of the United States, residing in Booklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Door-Checks, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in door checks, the primary object of which is to construct such a. device, operating under the action of springs and air cushioning, which will permit the door to be opened easily, close automatically and rapidly but prevented from slamming, being throughout its entire amplitude of movement under absolute and predetermined or adjustable control.

To this end my invention is comprised of i it has heretofore been impossible to synchronize the amplitude of door movement with the actuating force, the member actuated upon closing being adjustable, but the member actuated by opening, ordinarily comprising compression or extension springs is not capable of adjustment, the range of movement required exceeding the scope of action of springs, the dimensions of space available for the proper mounting of a device of this nature having fixed limitations, the heretofore method of having springs operating in one plane, made it impossibleto meet conditions imposed by variations in relative positioning `of doors and their supporting casings. The sizes and positioning of hinges not being xed by rule or reason necessitates means of adjustment between the coacting members of a device of this nature, as well as motion of parts without the movement of thewhole, it being necessary to insure the maximum movement of one position with but a limitedaction of the whole.

Another object of the present improvement is to devise a springclosure member j for a. door comprising a cushioning device,

and two spring closure elements operatively associated therewith, one acting against the cushioning devcewhen the door 1S partly Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oet. 22, 191s.

Serial No. 160,925.

following description and drawings in which,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the air cushioning elements of the door check.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view through a door and door jamb equipped with the improved checlr and showing the door closed.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view partly in section of the spring closure member of the check. Y

F ig. i is a horizontal sectional view similar to Fig. 2 and showing the door open.

Figs. 5 and 6 are reduced side elevations of the hinge leaves of the door check.

Figs. 7 and 8 are enlarged side elevations of the pintle screws for uniting the hinge leaves of the door check.

The check hereafter to be described is applied between the door and door jamb but does not serve as a hinge and does not carry the weight of the door, the check being applied in addition to the usual hinges.

Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate similar parts throughout the several figures,

10 represents a hinge leaf having screw receiving openings 11 providing means for securing it to a door 12 or other swinging member and provided with parallel, collars 13 and 14 projecting from the outer edge thereof, the collar 13 being provided with internal screw threads 15. A second hinge leaf 1G has a tube 17 formed on one edge fitted between the collars 13 and 14 of the leaf 10,the end of the tube adjacent the collar 1i being provided with internal screw threads 18. A

pintle (i. is fitted within the collar 13 and adjacent end of the tube 17, and is provided with a bearing collar 19 fitting within the tube and a screw threaded portion 2() meshing with Athe internal screw threads of the collar. The screw threaded portion 20 is made of sufficient length to receive a lock nut 21. A second pintle b is fitted within the collar 14 and the adjacent end of the tube 17, and is provided with a bearing collar 22 within the collar and a screw threaded portion 23 meshing with the internal screw threads 18 in the tube. A coil spring 24 is mounted within the tube 17, having one end resting within a recess 25 made in the end of the collar 19 of one pintle and its other end resting within a recess 26 made in the end of the screw threaded portion 23 of the other pintle. By screwing the pintle a in and o-ut of the collar 13 the spring 24 is twisted and put under greater or less tension and may be locked at any desired point by the lock nut 21, so that a desired resilient tension may be maintained between the pi voted hinge leaves 10 and 16.

An elongated recess is made in the door j amb 27 to receive a plunger receiving casing 28 which is fastened to the jamb by screws 29. The casing 28 is provided with two parallel cylindrical openings 36 and 31 separated by a webbing 32 provided with a transverse passage 33 adjacent its junction with the bottom of the casing 28 and providing` a communication between the two cylinders 30 and 31. Sleeve guides 34 and 35 are provided with spacing collars 36 and 37 respectively, screwed within the upper ends of the cylinders 30 and 31. The guides 34 and 35 extend parallel with the cylinders and are of a length approximately half the depth thereof.

Reciprocativcly mounted within the guides 34 and 35 are pistons 38 and 39 respectively, provided on their lo-wer ends with studs 40 and 41 to receive cup shaped leather pump washers 42 and 43, secured against metallic washers 42 and 43 by means of nuts 44 and 45. The upper ends of the pistons are pro vided with pairs of parallel ears 46 and 47 to receive wrist pins 48 and 49 to which are pivoted one end of connecting rods 56 and 51, the other ends of which are pivoted on wrist pins 52 and 53 mounted between pairs of parallel ears 54 and 55 carried by the hinge leaf 16.

Coil springs 56 and 57 are itted between the spacing collars 36 and 37 and the upper face of the washers 42 and 43 and are of a diameter to lie against the inner walls of the cylinders.

An elongated passage 58 is drilled through the web 32 and establishes communication between the passage 33 and an opening 59 made through the walls of the casing 28. The passage 58 adjacent the opening 59 is provided with a needle valve seat 60 to receive a screw adjusted needle valve 61. Registering pairs of openings 62 and 63 are made through the walls of the cylinders 30 and 31 respectively.

The operation of the device is as fol-l lows All ofthe parts of the mechanism are in their normal positions when the door 12 is closed, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which the hinge leaves 10 and 16 are together, the coil spring 24v connecting them being under its adjusted tension; thepistons 38 and 39 being at the limit of their inward movement in their respective cylinders; and the coil springs 56 and 57 expanded.

When the door 12 is swung open on its hinges, the hinge leaves 10 and 16 of the check remain substantially together due to theV adjusted tension of the spring 24 and the pis-- tons 38 and 39 are moved outwardly in their respective cylinders due to the linkconnections 50 and 51 between them and the hinge leaf 16. The spring 24 is adjusted to have a tension suflicient to prevent movement between the leaves 10 and 16 until the pistons 38 and 39 reach the limit of their outward movement, which movement is limited by the adjustable guide sleeves 34 and 35. In moving outwardly the suction of the pistons lill the cylinders, below the ends of the pistons, with air drawn in through the openings 59 and openings 62 and 63 when these openings have been uncovered by the pistons as is shown in Fig. 4. In normal operation, the door 12 is seldom swung past the position in which it is at right angles to the jamb and the spring 24 is so set that up to this point there is no movement between the leaves 16 and 10 but they remain adjacent each other and move as one, the springs 56 and 57, however, will be compressed to their limit as is shown in Fig. 4. Should the door be swung farther and pass its right angle position with the amb, as for instance swung' back parallel with the jamb as is shown in Fig. 4, leaves 10 and 16 will separate putting the spring 24 under additional tension. e Should the door be in the position shown in Fig. 4 when it is released for closing, the leaves 10 and 16 are drawn together under the tension of the spring 24 until they contact after which they will move together under the tension of the springs 56 and 57, which expand between the collars 36 and 37 and the lwashers 42 and 43 carried by the pistons and 39. The expansion of the springs 56 and 57 forces the pistons 38 and 39 inwardly, which in their inward movement compress thel air within the cylinders 3() and 31 which provides an air cushion for the pistons. The compressed air is, during the initial movement of the piston, exhausted through the openings 62 and 63, but the further inward movement of the pistons closes these openings and thereafter the air is exhausted through the passages 33, 58 and opening 59, permitting the pistons to gradually move inwardly to the limit of their movement as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Should the door be in a position at right angles' to the jamb when it is released for closing, there will be no action of the spring 24 but the leaves 10 and 16 move together under action of the springs 56 and 57.

'It is to be understood that the tension of thefspring 24 may bev adjusted so that the l*be jerked open, `theleaes 10v and' seperate untilxtl'ie inertie ofthe springs- 56v .und V met wthe ot ier one le ingwhei s land; 16,"Will'.separate anyvdesired 'i `otl`1erthanthat herein described but. to

aref eomp'iletelyf compre :he rapidity of the exhanstor he cylinders may let/opening 61. f v, i i v.It is to :be lilnderstoodthat Shouldv the `door "end vpietons 38 and 39 hevebeenoverg closurecelex` l g,

. yofthe'freely` di needle valve 6ly controlling the' 1r fed through tbe'fpassage 58 into the errmeans e having spring c his Willfinsu-re anfeasyopeningofi" mee' the linertla `1 of the checking veroon'levr kgrudu ally.

door independently of eaeh'i'o thereof.

w1 clairh: 1 t' ;.1.A` dom-Cheek con'irirising;` vey spring `elosure element carried by :one of, the 'mmbereafrniing the closure, a hinge having ettaohedto the other member form- *hinge and the springr closure element.

. door check` comprising at i, Spr-ingv mem-` mung the@ e1os11re,-e hlngevh'eving 'one' e; element oarriedby one ofgt attached to the other member forming loi'mre` sindvits other?` leef freely kmovable,-L 1 keeping *the i seidgjleaves together,-` and conneoting `means llient means `for" normally eenthe said? freely 'movable leaflof the and they 31mg closure element, the

l leaves of the sind hinge adapted to lieiad'- enteeeh other endpbetween the door and U0 .llmhwl'len thedooriis closed.v Y 1 doorcheek comprlslng a. spring l y ment carried bylone of the mem'- fornnngthe closure, :t hlnge 1`1`2wn1goney tached to'thefother` member forming f closure 'and its other leaf freely movable, ent 'leans for `normally keepin-g the l leavesl'together, thefleaves vedepted to adjaeen choth)ri-ndfbetweenfthedoor j the dooi imliwhen the door lie closed,

ndoonnectin'gi meting between "thel osu're" element l and the adJaCent fa the-,freely movableleaf. f i4 doorv cheek comprising a pring:

y lement carried by one 0f the mernf i S on leaf'iettiieh'ed tothe other men'ibervr `Seidqlee es elo.

t formingthe c loSre, -a

rming the "closure, Lk hingehheving t i z'itteched totheothermernber for ing th '1910* sprin ting thf sion.

'sure-*und itsv other leef freely nt meansy for `normally keepf` i eavestogether, andxconneeting "ile-,betweentheselel freely movable leaf formiiijgvthe olosuregfa hinge; avm lone; leifi `attached to the? other `forming l closure audits otherjleafifreely nova tubular n'ieniber-formed etthe offs'ai'd leaves,{`

keeping seid rle said tubulferinem enfand` connectingy ineen bet-Ween fthel aid freelymoveble y1 f2 o'xth disposed' tolie `against 'and conceit th lement, `resilient means for leaves4 together U2in s` between the sind freely mov closure and its other, leaf freely movable and disposed to lie against and conceal the mouth of the spring closure element, a tubular member formed at the pivotal point of said leaves, resilient means for normally keeping said leaves together concealed in said tubular` member, and connecting means between the said freely movable leaf of the hinge and the spring closure element.

10. A door'check comprising a spring closure element carried by one of the members forming the closure, a hinge having one leaf attached to the other member forming -the closure and its other leaf freely movable and disposed to lie against and conceal the mouth of the spring closure element, a tubu-V lar member formed at the pivotal point of ysaid leaves, resilient, means for -normally keeping said leaves together concealed in said tubular member, and connecting means between the said freely movable leaf of the hinge and the spring closure element, the said resilient means having a greater tension than the spring closure element whereby the said leaves will remain .together while putting the spring closure element under tension.

11. A door check consisting of a cushion element carried by one of the members forming the closure, said element comprising a compression cylinder, a piston reciprocatably mounted therein, a spring within the cylinder and acting against the said piston, a hinge having one leaf attached to the other member forming the closure and its other leaf freelymovable, resilient means for nor* mally keeping the leaves together, the leaves adapted to lie adjacent each other and between the door and the door jamb when the door is closed, a link connecting the piston and the adjacent face of the freely movable leaf, said link adapted to enterY the cylinder and the freely movable leaf to lie against the open end of the cylinder when the door is closed.

12. A door check comprising a cushion element, a spring closure element opera tively associated therewith rand put under tension when the door is opened, a hinge member having one leaf thereof attached to one of the members forming the closure and its other leaf freely movable, connecting means between the freely movable leaf and the cushionelement, resilient means for normally keeping the saidv leaves together, said resilient means having a set tension when the door is closed which is greater than the Copies ci this' patent may be obtained Afor tension put on the other spring closure ele# l element comprising a pneumatic dash pot carried by one of the members forming the closure, a spring actuated against the piston thereof, and a hinge member having one leaf connected to one of the members forming the closure and its other leaf freely movable, a connecting means between the freely movable leaf and the piston, anda spring for normally keeping the leaves of the hinge member together, the tensioning of the said spring being greater than the tension of the spring acting against the piston.

15. A door check consisting of a cushion element comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocatably mounted in said cylinder, a spring within the cylinder acting against the said piston, a spring closure element comprising two leaves pivotally connected to each other, a spring carried by the said leaves, a swinging of the leaves apart put-v ting the last named spring under tension, one leaf connected to one of the members forming the closure and the other leaf freely movable, and connecting means between the freely movable leaf and the piston.

16. A door check consisting of a cushion element comprising a compression cylinder, a piston reciprocatably mounted therein, a spring Within the cylinder and acting against the said piston, means for exhausting air compressed in the cylinder by the piston, and a hinge member, one leaf of the hinge connected to oneof the members forming the closure and the other leaf` freely movable, -a link pivotally connected to the freely movable leaf and to the piston, and resilient means for normally keeping the leaves of the said hinge member together.

WILLIAM WV. HAWKINS.

Witnesses:

H. I. SIEGEL, H. D. PENNEY.

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

